5S Framework for Digital Libraries

[ Introduction |  Publications | Theses and Dissertations | Current Projects | Related Projects |  Contact ]

Introduction

Streams, Structures, Spaces, Scenarios and Societies (5S), is a unified formal theory  for Digital Libraries (DLs). With 5S, digital library abstractions such as digital objects, metadata, collections, services, etc., can be rigorously and usefully described through  compositions of basic and higher level mathematical objects. 5SL, an XML realization of the 5S model, is a domain-specific, declarative language for specifying and generating Digital Library applications. 5SL enables high-level specification of DLs in five complementary dimensions, including: the kinds of multimedia information the DL supports (Stream Model); how that information is structured and organized (Structural Model); different logical and presentational properties and operations of DL components (Spatial Model); the behavior of the DL (Scenario Model); and the different societies of actors and users/managers of services that act together to carry out the DL behavior (Societal Model).  5SL specifications can be fed into DL library generators, which can make use of component pools, to generate protypes and implementations of the digital libraries. The table below summarizes 5S/5SL models in terms of their primitives, underlying formalisms and objectives.

Models

Primitives

Formalisms

Objectives 

Stream Model

Text; video; audio; software program

Sequences; types

Describes  properties of the DL content such as encoding and langauge for textual material or particular forms of multimedia data

Structural Model

Collection, catalog; hypertext; document; metadata; organizational tools

Graphs; nodes; links; labels; hierarchies

Specifies organizational aspects of the DL content

Spatial Model 

User interface; index; retrieval model

Sets; operations; vector space; measure space; probability space

Defines logical and presentational views of several DL components

Scenarios Model

Service; event; condition; action

Sequence  diagrams;  collaboration  diagrams; 

Details the behavior of DL services 

Societies Model

Community; managers; actors; classes; relationships; attributes; operations

Object-oriented modeling constructs; design patterns

Defines managers; responsible for running DL services; actors, that use those services; and relationships among them

Publications

  • Towards a digital library theory: a formal digital library ontology. Gonçalves, M. A., Fox, E. A., Watson, L. T. Int. J. on Digital Libraries, 8(2): 91-114 (2008).

  • Evaluating Digital Libraries with 5SQual. Moreira, B. L., Gonçalves, M. A., Laender, A. H. F., and Fox, E. A. Lálóvá, Norbert Fuhr, Carlo Meghini (Eds.): Research and Advanced Technology for Digital Libraries, 11th European Conference, ECDL 2007, Budapest, Hungary, September 16-21, 2007, Proceedings. Lecture Notes in Computer Science 4675 Springer 2007, pp 466-470.

  • Personal digital library: pim through a 5s perspective. Ma, Y., Gonçalves, M. A., and Fox, E. A. 2007. In Proceedings of the First Ph.D. Workshop in CIKM, PIKM 2007, Sixteenth ACM Conference on Information and Knowledge Management, CIKM 2007, Lisbon, Portugal, November 9, 2007. ACM 2007.

  • PIM through a 5S perspective. Ma, Y., Gonçalves, M. A., and Fox, E. A. 2007. In Proceedings of the 7th ACM/IEEE-CS Joint Conference on Digital Libraries, Vancouver, BC, Canada, June 18-23, 2007, pp 491.

  • Extending the 5S Digital Library (DL) Framework: From a Minimal DL towards a DL Reference Model. Murthy, U., Gorton, D., Torres, R., Gonçalves, M., Fox, E., Delcambre, L. 2007. Paper presented at the First Digital Library Foundations Workshop - held in conjunction with the 2007 Joint Conference on Digital Libraries (Vancouver, Canada, June 18-24, 2007). PDF

  • "What is a good digital library?" - A quality model for digital libraries. Moreira, B. L., Gonçalves, M. A., Fox, E. A., Watson, L. T. 2007. Inf. Process. Manage. 43(5): 1416-1437 (2007).

  • Requirements Gathering and Modeling of Domain-Specific Digital Libraries with the 5S Framework: An Archaeological Case Study with ETANA. Shen, R., Gonçalves, M. A., Fan, W., and Fox, E. A. 2005. In Proceedings of ECDL 2005, pp1-12.

  • Streams, structures, spaces, scenarios, societies (5s): A formal model for digital libraries. Gonçalves, M. A., Fox, E. A., Watson, L. T., and Kipp, N. A. 2004. ACM Trans. Inf. Syst. 22, 2 (Apr. 2004), 270-312.

  • Streams, structures, spaces, scenarios, societies (5s): A formal model for digital libraries. Gonçalves, M. A., Fox, E. A., Watson, L. T., and Kipp, N. A. 2003. Technical Report TR-03-04. Computer Science Virginia tech. PDF

  • 5SL: a language for declarative specification and generation of digital libraries. Gonçalves, M. A. and Fox, E. A. 2002. In Proceedings of the 2nd ACM/IEEE-CS Joint Conference on Digital Libraries (Portland, Oregon, USA, July 14 - 18, 2002). JCDL '02. ACM, New York, NY, 263-272. PDF

  • An XML Log Standard and Tool for Digital Library Logging Analysis. Gonçalves, M. A., Luo, M., Shen, R., Ali, M. F., and Fox, E. A. 2002. Proceedings of the 6th European Conference on Research and Advanced Technology For Digital Libraries. (September 16 - 18, 2002). M. Agosti and C. Thanos, Eds. Lecture Notes In Computer Science, vol. 2458. Springer-Verlag, London, 129-143.

  • Digital Libraries. Fox, E. A., Gonçalves, M. A., and Kipp, N. A. In Handbook on Information Technologies for Education and Training, in Springer series "International Handbook on Information Systems". ed. Heimo Adelsberger, Betty Collis, Jan Pawlowski, 2001, pages 623-641, 2002.

  • The 5S Framework for Digital Libraries and Two Case Studies: NDLTD and CSTC Fox, E. A. In Proceedings of NIT99, Taipei, Taiwan, Aug. 1999. Word

  • Digital Libraries. Fox, E. A. and Sornil, O. In Modern Information Retrieval.  ed. Ricardo Baeza-Yates, Berthier Riberio-Neto,  pages 415-432, 1999.

  • How Digital Libraries Will Save Civilization. Fox, E. A., Kipp, N. A., Mather, P. Database Programming and Design, 11(8):60-65, Aug. 1998.

Theses and Dissertations

  • Practical Digital Library Generation into DSpace with the 5S Framework. Gorton, D. C. 2007. Master's Thesis. Department of Computer Science, Virginia Tech. PDF.

  • Applying the 5S Framework To Integrating Digital Libraries. Shen, R. 2006. Ph.D. Dissertation. Department of Computer Science, Virginia Tech. PDF.

  • Schema Mapper: A Visualization Tool for Incremental Semi-automatic Mapping-based Integration of Heterogeneous Collections into Archaeological Digital Libraries: The ETANA-DL Case Study. Raghavan, A. Master's Thesis. Department of Computer Science, Virginia Tech. PDF.

  • Streams, Structures, Spaces,Scenarios, and Societies (5S): A Formal Digital Library Framework and Its Applications. Gonçalves, M. A. 2004. Ph.D. Dissertation. Department of Computer Science, Virginia Tech. PDF.

  • 5SGraph: A Modeling Tool for Digital Libraries. Zhu, Q. Master's Thesis. Department of Computer Science, Virginia Tech. PDF.

Current Projects

  • Personal digital library: pim through a 5s perspective - Ph.D. Dissertation project by Yi Ma
  • A Superimposed-Information-Supported Digital Library - Ph.D. Dissertation project by Uma Murthy

Related Projects


Contact

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Last updated : May 2009